Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Razvojni poremećaji zuba sve su prisutniji problem u dječjoj stomatologiji, posebno na prvim stalnim kutnjacima i sekutićima. Za ovu pojavu, predložen je termin molar-incizor hipomineralizacija (MIH). Cilj istraživanja bio je da se utvrdi stepen rasprostranjenosti MIH kod djece iz Foče, te procijene karakteristike i stepen izraženosti hipomineralizacije kod ispitivane populacije. Metode. Ispitivanjem je obuhvaćeno 141 dijete iz opštine Foča (Bosna i Hercegovina), starosti osam godina. Za dijagnozu oboljenja korišteni su kriterijumi po Weerhejm-u: ogranična zamućenost gleđi (OZG), posteruptivni prekid gleđi (PPG), atipične restauracije (AR), vađenje kutnjaka zbog MIH (E-MIH), i retencija zuba (RZ). Ispitanicima kojima je evidentirana OZG, PPG i AR određen je stepen i boja izraženosti promjene. Rezultati. Molarna i incizorna hipomineralizacija na ovom području iznosila je 12,8%. Distribucija MIH promjena po stepenima bila je sledeća: OZG iznosila je 9,2 %, PPG pronađen je kod 3,5 % ispitanika, AR pronađene su kod 5,6 % ispitanika, dok je E-MIH utvrđena kod 5,6% ispitivane djece. Blagu formu imalo je 9,9% ispitanika, umjerenu 5,6% ispitanika, a tešku 7,8%. Bijela boja MIH defekata konstatovana je kod 9,9% ispitanika, bjeložuta kod 5,6%, a žutobraon kod 3,5% djece. Rezultati pokazuju da je donji desni prvi stalni kutnjak najčešće izvađeni zub zbog MIH, kao i da su ove promjene prisutnije u donjoj vilici (60,3%). Ukupno 6,4% djece imalo je promjene samo na kutnjacima, a 6,4% djece na kutnjacima i sekutićima istovremeno. Zaključak. Procenat od 12,8% ispitanika sa MIH promjenama nije zanemarljiv. Ranom dijagnozom, te blagovremenom prevencijom i terapijom, znatno se mogu spriječiti i ublažiti komplikacije.
Ključne reči
||zub
demineralizacija
dentition
permanent
child||
||denticija
stalna
deca
bosnia-herzegovina||
||bosna i hercegovina
molar||
||molari
prevalence||
||prevalenca.
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