Sažetak
Uvod/Cilj. Polje primene ultrazvuka (UZ) kod pregleda pluća se brzo razvija i pruža medicinskoj zajednici mnogobrojne nove dijagnostičke mogućnosti. Cilj rada bio je da se na osnovu UZ pregleda srca i pluća ispita etiologija dispneje pri prijemu bolesnika i proceni stepen slabosti srca (SS). Metode. Studijom preseka obuhvaćeno je ukupno 110 bolesnika lečenih zbog dispneje. Obuhvaćeni su svi bolesnici lečeni zbog bilo koje srčane ili plućne bolesti, kao i bolesnici koji su prijavili prvu epizodu dispneje bez bilo kakvog prethodnog oboljenja. Najvažniji dijagnostički znak na nalazu UZ pluća kod bolesnika sa SS bila je pojava B linija ili „kometa” (artefakti koji podsećaju na repove kometa), koje ukazuju na nakupljanje tečnosti u intersticijumu pluća. Rezultati. Srednji broj registrovanih „kometa” kod ukupnog broja bolesnika bio je 14,2 ± 7,4 (minimum 2, maksimum 30). Srednji broj „kometa” kod bolesnika sa SS bio je 18,8 ± 5,9. Srednji broj „kometa” kod bolesnika bez SS bio je 8,0 ± 3,7 (p ˂ 0,001). Multivarijantna linearna regresiona analiza pokazala je povezanost između broja „kometa” i postojanja SS (p ˂ 0,001). Zaključak. S obzirom na to da je procena prisustva „kometa” tokom UZ pregleda pluća bezbedna i neinvazivna, lako se može integrisati u svakodnevnu kliničku praksu, jer je pokazano da je broj plućnih „kometa” bio značajno veći kod bolesnika sa SS u odnosu na bolesnike kod kojih je dispneja bila druge etiologije.
Ključne reči
dispneja
srce, insuficijencija
pluća, edem
ultrasonografija
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