Medical Research
type: channel
description: Medical Research" is a peer-reviewed scientific journal of the Faculty of Medicine of the University of Belgrade, which was first published in 1971, that is, half a century ago. The journal "Medical Research" is primarily dedicated to publishing the results of the scientific research work of teachers and associates of the Faculty of Medicine, as well as other scientists in the field of biomedical research. The journal "Medical Research" publishes scientific papers in English with an abstract in Serbian and has an open access policy. It is published three times a year, while the fourth volume also publishes summaries of the presentations at the "Aspirations and Innovations in Medicine" symposium. Original and previously unpublished works are published in the journal "Medical Research": a. original works in which the results of own research are published for the first time; b. review papers (Review), critically and originally presented (with self-citations); c. presentations of patients and cases (Case report). The works published in the journal "Medical Research" belong to the fields of: basic biomedical research, clinical research and preventive medicine. For the purpose of expert review of submitted papers, the Editorial Board of the journal is divided into three sections: basic, clinical and preventive sciences, and their work is coordinated by the Section Editors. The section for statistical data analysis will be involved in the evaluation of the statistical data of the submitted works.
publisher: Medicinski fakultet Univerzitet u Beogradu
language: en
publication name: Medical Research
issn: 0301-0619
items: Nasal Polyposis: An Overview of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Modern Treatment Options
items: Burden of tuberculosis in Europe due to migrant crisis: urgent integration of global health perspectives into national TB control program
items: Predictive Value of CT Morphological Features For Metastatic Risk Stratification of Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Independent Dual- Reader Analysis
items: CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES OF SUPRARENAL MASSES IN INFANTS: A 17-YEAR TERTIARY CENTER EXPERIENCE
items: BK POLYOMAVIRUS (BKPyV) INFECTION IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION: VIRAL CHARACTERISTICS, DIVERSITY, REACTIVATION, RISK FACTORS AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
items: Editorial for the second issue of volume 59 of the medical journal “Medical Research”
items: SNAKE BITE WITH A FATAL OUTCOME IN WESTERN SERBIA – A RARE CASE REPORT
items: Distant Metastasis–Free Interval and Overall Survival in Breast Sarcoma: A Single-Institution Retrospective Study
items: INTRAVENOUS IRON THERAPY IN HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION: EVIDENCE FROM RECENT TRIALS AND META-ANALYSES
items: TARGETED DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN FRAGILE X SYNDROME: MOLECULAR MEDICINE AS A KEY TOOL IN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
items: NINE MOST COMMON MISCONCONCEPTIONS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
items: Assessment of Left Main Coronary Artery Luminal Diameter Using Quantitative Coronary Analysis and Optical Coherence Tomography
items: The effect of the most abundant bioactive compounds of the mediterranean diet on the osteoblast-mediated osteoclast differentiation signaling pathway: in silico analysis
items: THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMIOPATHY
items: The role of the optical coherence tomography angiography in diseases of the posterior segment of the eye
items: PREOPERATIVE HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGERY FOR COLORECTAL CANCER
items: In silico investigation of the effects of gentamicin on lysosmal lipid degradation and the transport system between lysosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
items: Telehealth for Adolescent Mental Health: A Narrative Review of effectiveness, acceptability, and ethical–legal considerations
items: Changes in the hemostatic system in severely ill COVID-19 patients
items: THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
items: Evolution of the SYNTAX score (I, II and II 2020): development, application and limitations in everyday clinical practice
items: Unilateral genu recurvatum: A case report
items: Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: Contemporary Approach to Pathophysiology, Risk Stratification, Prevention and Management
items: IMAGING OF VASCULAR ANOMALIES OF THE AORTA AND VESSELS OF THE HEAD AND NECK- REVIEW ARTICLE
items: PERIOPERATIVE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER MAJOR NON-CARDIAC SURGERY: RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL OUTCOMES, AND PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE OF PERIOPERATIVE SCORING SYSTEMS
items: Sphenoid sinus pneumatization · Vidian canal · Anterior clinoid process · Pterygoid process · Multidetector computed tomography.
items: PREDICTORS OF CARDIAC ARREST IN CHILDREN
items: RETINAL VASCULAR CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
items: EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
items: EFFECTS OF NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS ON ACUTE POSTOPERATIVE PAIN

Nasal Polyposis: An Overview of Etiology, Diagnosis, and Modern Treatment Options
type: item
description: Chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyps (CRSwNP) is a chronic, heterogeneous inflammatory disease associated with substantial impairment of nasal breathing, olfaction, and patients’ quality of life. Its etiology and pathogenesis are multifactorial and involve epithelial barrier dysfunction, impaired mucociliary clearance, dysbiosis, biofilm formation, Staphylococcus aureus, eosinophilic/type 2 inflammation, local IgE production, tissue remodeling, environmental factors, and numerous comorbidities. The coexistence of asthma and intolerance to aspirin and/or nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs is particularly important within the unified airway concept. Diagnosis is established by correlating characteristic symptoms with objective findings obtained by clinical and/or endoscopic examination of the nose and computed tomography of the paranasal sinuses. Assessment of disease severity, comorbidities, and relevant differential diagnoses is essential. The cornerstone of treatment is intranasal corticosteroid therapy and nasal saline irrigation, whereas systemic corticosteroids, endoscopic sinus surgery, and biologic therapy are reserved for more severe, recurrent, or uncontrolled disease. The diagnostic and therapeutic approach to CRSwNP requires differentiation between disease phenotypes and endotypes, recognition of type 2 inflammation, active management of associated conditions, and continuous monitoring of treatment response based on symptoms, endoscopic findings, quality of life, and the need for additional interventions. This review summarizes current evidence on the etiology, pathogenesis, clinical presentation, quality of life, diagnostic criteria, and modern treatment options for CRSwNP, based on systematic reviews, clinical guidelines, and original studies. An individualized approach, adequate control of local disease and comorbidities, and regular follow-up are key to improving long-term treatment outcomes.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Zoran Dudvarski
creator: Vladimir Nesic
creator: Sasa Jakoviljevic
creator: Nemanja Radivojevic
creator: Katarina Jovanovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-07-06
publication date: 2026-07-06
doi: 10.5937/medi0-68401

Burden of tuberculosis in Europe due to migrant crisis: urgent integration of global health perspectives into national TB control program
type: item
description: Global migration has increased in recent decades owing to war, conflict, persecution and natural disasters, but also secondary to increased opportunities related to work or study. Migrants’ risk of tuberculosis (TB) differs depending on migration, socioeconomic status, mode of travel and TB risk in transit, TB incidence and healthcare provision in country of origin. A narrative review summarized current evidence on the diagnosis of active TB in migrants entering the European Union/European Economic Area and UK, including clinical presentation and diagnostic delay, treatment outcomes of drug-susceptible TB and multidrug-resistant/ rifampicin-resistant TB, prevalence and TB/ humam immunodeficiency virus (HIV) co-infection. We documented that migrants had higher vulnerability for TB, including an increased risk of extrapulmonary TB, multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB, TB/HIV co-infection and worse TB treatment outcomes compared to host populations. Consensus recommendations include screening migrants for TB/latent TB infection according to country data, a minimal package for TB care in drug-susceptible and multidrug-resistant/rifampicin-resistant TB, implementation of migrant-sensitive strategies and free healthcare and preventive treatment for migrants with HIV co-infection. Dedicated care for TB prevention and treatment in migrant populations within the European Union/European Economic Area and UK is essential. Key words: tuberculosis, migrants, multi-drug resistance, HIV
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Tatjana Adzic Vukicevic
creator: Maja Stosic
creator: Jovana Milisavljevic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-07-06
publication date: 2026-07-06
doi: 10.5937/medi0-66560

Predictive Value of CT Morphological Features For Metastatic Risk Stratification of Gastrointestinal stromal tumors: Independent Dual- Reader Analysis
type: item
description: Background: Gastrointestinal stromal tumors (GISTs) exhibit variable biological behavior, from indolent lesions to aggressive tumors with metastatic potential. Preoperative risk assessment is important for treatment planning. Therefore, this study evaluated the predictive value and reproducibility of CT morphological features in identifying high-risk GISTs using independent dual-reader analysis. Materials and Methods: This retrospective study included 26 patients with histopathologically confirmed gastric GISTs who underwent biphasic contrast-enhanced MDCT. Two radiologists independently evaluated CT morphological features, including tumor size, mucosal integrity, internal structure, shape, growth pattern, and enlarged feeding or draining vessels (EFDV). Based on disrupted mucosa and EFDV, tumors were stratified into high-risk (HR) and low-risk (LR) groups and correlated with histopathological findings. Results: Histopathological analysis confirmed HR GISTs in 10 and LR GISTs in 16 patients. Excellent interobserver agreement was observed for mucosal integrity (κ=0.843) and tumor structure (κ=0.923), with substantial agreement for EFDV, shape, growth pattern, and predicted risk. Both radiologists demonstrated high sensitivity (90%) for identifying HR GISTs. Larger tumor size, disrupted mucosa, heterogeneous structure, irregular shape, endophytic growth, and EFDV were associated with HR tumors, although specificity remained limited due to overlapping imaging features. Conclusion: CT-derived morphological features are valuable imaging biomarkers for preoperative risk stratification of gastric GISTs. Disrupted mucosa and enlarged peri-/intratumoral vessels were the strongest predictors of high-risk tumors. Despite overlapping imaging features between low- and high-risk lesions, conventional CT analysis may aid in identifying aggressive tumors and guiding treatment planning.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Milica Mitrovic Jovanovic
creator: Aleksandra Jankovic
creator: Jelena Kovac
creator: Dusan Saponjski
creator: Katarina Stosic
creator: Vladimir Sljukic
creator: Keramatollah Ebrahimi
creator: Ognjan Skrobic
creator: Predrag Sabljak
creator: Aleksandra Djuric-Stefanovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-07-06
publication date: 2026-07-06
doi: 10.5937/medi0-67415

CLINICAL SPECTRUM AND MANAGEMENT OUTCOMES OF SUPRARENAL MASSES IN INFANTS: A 17-YEAR TERTIARY CENTER EXPERIENCE
type: item
description: Introduction/Aim: The detection of suprarenal masses (SRM) in neonates and infants has increased due to widespread prenatal and postnatal ultrasonography. While surgery was historically the standard treatment, a conservative approach is now advocated for small, asymptomatic masses. This study aimed to analyze the management and clinical outcomes of SRM at a single tertiary care center over the last two decades. Material and Methods: Retrospective analysis of 39 patients diagnosed with SRM between 2006 and 2023 was conducted. Clinical, radiological (US, CT, MRI), and laboratory data (urinary VMA/HVA, NSE) were evaluated. The follow-up protocol consisted of ultrasonography every two weeks during the first three months of age, followed by monthly or quarterly evaluations until complete resolution, with a median follow-up of 16.6 months (range: 1.9–89). Patients were managed via upfront surgery or a conservative protocol. Results: SRM larger than 5 cm were identified in 18% of patients (7/39), out of which five underwent surgery confirming neuroblastoma (NBL) and in remaining two patients spontaneous resolution of mass occurred. For the 32 patients with masses smaller than 5 cm, a conservative approach was initially adopted. Eight of these patients (25%) eventually required surgery, due to elevated urinary catecholamines, which proved to be a reliable indicator of NBL. Complete regression was observed in all other cases managed conservatively. Conclusion: Close observation of small SRM is safe in carefully selected patients and effectively reduces unnecessary surgical interventions. Urinary catecholamine metabolites remain a valuable tool for identifying high-risk patients requiring surgical treatment.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Goran Milosevic
creator: Olga Ilic
creator: Jelena Lazic
creator: Nada Krstovski
creator: Srdja Jankovic
creator: Jelena Krcunovic
creator: Jovana Svorcan
creator: Jovana Kostadinovic
creator: Tijana Radovic
creator: Djordje Pavlovic
creator: Predrag Rodic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-26
publication date: 2026-06-26
doi: 10.5937/medi0-65382

BK POLYOMAVIRUS (BKPyV) INFECTION IN RENAL TRANSPLANTATION: VIRAL CHARACTERISTICS, DIVERSITY, REACTIVATION, RISK FACTORS AND LABORATORY DIAGNOSIS
type: item
description: BK polyomavirus (BKPyV) is a ubiquitous human polyomavirus, and more than 80% of the human population is seropositive for BKPyV. Following primary infection, which is usually asymptomatic, BKPyV establishes lifelong persistence in renal epithelial cells. In recent years, the use of potent immunosuppressive drugs after transplantation has led to an increasing incidence of BKPyV reactivation in patients with organ transplants, placing BKPyV among the major risk factors for graft loss in kidney transplant recipients. This review provides an overview of BKPyV infection in the context of renal transplantation from a virologist's perspective. The first part of the review covers basic virology, including virion structure, genome organisation, life cycle, mechanisms of lifelong BKPyV persistence, and basic epidemiology. The meeting points of basic and clinical virology are explained through BKPyV diversity and its clinical implications. The clinical aspects are discussed, including donor- and recipient-related risk factors for BKPyV reactivation, the clinical importance of BKPyV subtyping, and serotype-specific immunity. In the second part of the review, emphasis is placed on the possibilities of laboratory diagnostics of BKPyV infection. Finally, the review provides current international recommendations for screening and monitoring of BKPyV infection in the post-transplant period. By combining virological, clinical, and diagnostic aspects, this review highlights the complexity of BKPyV infection after kidney transplantation, underscoring the need for optimised monitoring strategies, further research into the clinical importance of viral diversity, and improvements in therapeutic protocols to control BKPyV infection after kidney transplantation.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Danijela Miljanovic
creator: Ivana Lazarevic
creator: Ana Banko
creator: Aleksandra Knezevic
creator: Maja Stanojevic
creator: Marko Jankovic
creator: Andja Cirkovic
creator: Maja Cupic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-25
publication date: 2026-06-25
doi: 10.5937/medi0-66189

Editorial for the second issue of volume 59 of the medical journal “Medical Research”
type: item
subject: Editorial
  topic: section
creator: Nenad Vasic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-23
publication date: 2026-06-23
doi: 10.5937/medi59-68430

SNAKE BITE WITH A FATAL OUTCOME IN WESTERN SERBIA – A RARE CASE REPORT
type: item
description: Introduction: Snakebites can lead to a wide range of clinical manifestations, from local tissue effects to systemic complications, including rhabdomyolysis, coagulopathy, acute kidney injury, neurological, and cardiac events. Although snakebites in Western Serbia are generally not a major public health issue, severe cases may occur, with potentially fatal outcomes. Patient review: We report the case of a 71-year-old man bitten by Vipera ammodytes in ####, Western Serbia. He presented with fatigue, vomiting, and swelling of the left hand one hour after the bite. His past medical history included diabetes mellitus, ischemic stroke, and cerebral aneurysm repair. On admission, he was hypotensive and dehydrated, with a local hematoma and thrombocytopenia. He received antivenom, corticosteroids, dopamine, antibiotics, and supportive care. Despite initial stabilization, the patient developed acute respiratory distress, acute kidney injury, hypotension, and peripheral cyanosis, requiring mechanical ventilation and dual inotropic support. Laboratory findings indicated coagulopathy and rising markers of organ injury. Despite intensive management, the patient succumbed to complications. Conclusion: This represents the first reported fatal snakebite in Western Serbia in the past 30 years. The primary pathogenic mechanism was likely disseminated intravascular coagulation triggered by the venom. This case highlights the importance of prolonged clinical and laboratory monitoring, timely supportive therapy, and awareness of severe systemic complications following snakebites, even in regions with historically low incidence.
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Sladjana Pavic
creator: Branko Tomic
creator: Aleksa Novkovic
creator: Rastko Ajtic
creator: Sonja Nikolic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-03-13
publication date: 2026-03-13
doi: 10.5937/medi0-63169

Distant Metastasis–Free Interval and Overall Survival in Breast Sarcoma: A Single-Institution Retrospective Study
type: item
description: Background: Breast sarcomas (BS) are rare malignant tumors with aggressive behavior and limited evidence guiding outcome assessment. Data on distant metastasis–free interval (DMFI) in this population are scarce. This study aimed to describe oncologic outcomes and to explore clinicopathologic factors associated with DMFI and overall survival (OS) in patients with BS treated with curative intent. Methods: Patients with primary or secondary breast sarcoma treated at a single tertiary cancer center between 2013 and 2025 were retrospectively analyzed. Patients with metastatic disease at diagnosis were excluded. DMFI was the primary endpoint and OS was secondary. Survival was estimated using Kaplan–Meier methods and compared with log-rank tests. Exploratory receiver operating characteristic analyses were performed for descriptive stratification. Results: Twenty-six patients met inclusion criteria. Angiosarcoma was the most common histologic subtype, predominantly occurring as secondary disease after prior breast radiotherapy. Median DMFI was not reached during follow-up, with 71.5% of patients remaining metastasis free at 3 years, whereas median OS was 31 months with a 3-year OS of 46.9%. Shorter DMFI was associated with higher pathological T stage, larger tumors, tumor necrosis, younger age, and narrower resection margins. Overall survival was significantly associated only with resection margins, which was the sole variable related to both DMFI and OS. Exploratory Cox regression analyses were inconclusive because of limited event numbers. Conclusions: Tumor burden–related factors, tumor necrosis, and surgical margin width were associated with metastasis-related outcomes and survival in breast sarcoma. Adequate surgical resection remains critical in this rare and heterogeneous disease.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Marko Buta
creator: Merima Goran
creator: Zorka Inic
creator: Nada Santrac
creator: Nikola Jeftic
creator: Jovan Raketic
creator: Saska Pavlovic
creator: Nevena Savkovic
creator: Milan Zegarac
creator: Dejan Stojiljkovic
creator: Ana Cvetkovic
creator: Suzana Stojanovic-Rundic
creator: Andjelija Cvetkovic
creator: Ivan Markovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-02-23
publication date: 2026-02-23
doi: 10.5937/medi0-63835

INTRAVENOUS IRON THERAPY IN HEART FAILURE WITH REDUCED EJECTION FRACTION: EVIDENCE FROM RECENT TRIALS AND META-ANALYSES
type: item
description: Anemia is a frequently observed comorbidity in patients with heart failure (HF) and contributes to increased morbidity and mortality. Even though the etiology of anemia in HF patients is polymorphic, chronic inflammation and iron deficiency (ID) are reported as the most frequent underlying causes. Anemia is a strong prognostic marker in both acute and chronic HF, while ID, even in the absence of anemia, has a negative impact on patients’ symptoms, functional capacity, and quality of life (QOL). In chronic HF, functional ID is often present due to impaired iron utilization, but it may coexist with absolute ID, where iron stores are depleted. Intravenous (IV) iron therapy, has shown its beneficial effect in improving functional status, reducing symptoms, and lowering the rate of hospital readmissions. This has led to its inclusion in the latest guidelines of the European Society of Cardiology (ESC) as a recommended treatment for symptomatic patients with heart failure with reduced ejection fraction (HFrEF). Several studies have also described a consistent trend toward reduced mortality. The aim of this paper is to summarize current knowledge on the importance of ID and the therapeutic effects of iron supplementation in HFrEF patients. Timely recognition and correction of ID should be considered a cornerstone of individualized HfrEF management.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Petar Otasevic
creator: Anastasia Djordjic
creator: Tatjana Karadzic
creator: Jelisaveta Vuletic
creator: Ivana Petrovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-07-28
publication date: 2025-07-28
doi: 10.5937/medi0-59979

TARGETED DRUG DEVELOPMENT IN FRAGILE X SYNDROME: MOLECULAR MEDICINE AS A KEY TOOL IN CLINICAL PHARMACOLOGY
type: item
description: The full mutation and epigenetic silencing of the FMR1 gene lead to a deficiency of its protein, FMRP, resulting in Fragile X Syndrome (FXS). Although significant advances have been made in understanding the molecular mechanisms underlying FXS, no cure or targeted pharmacological treatments have yet been approved for this neurodevelopmental disorder. Current clinical management primarily relies on symptomatic therapies, which often offer limited benefits and do not address the core molecular causes of the condition, especially given the multifaceted roles of the FMRP. This review highlights the crucial role of molecular insights in guiding the development of drugs for FXS. It provides an overview of existing pharmacotherapies, discusses their benefits and limitations, and emphasizes the unmet need for interventions that target the specific pathways disrupted by FMR1 dysfunction. Recent and ongoing clinical trials were examined, focusing on how a deeper understanding of FXS molecular biology can inform the design of more effective and precise therapeutic strategies. In summary, key molecular pathways relevant to FXS are presented, and the potential synergy between clinical pharmacology and molecular medicine is discussed as a means to promote the advancement of tailored therapeutic approaches.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Dragana Protic
creator: Maja Stojkovic
creator: Dejan Budimirovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-09-26
publication date: 2025-09-26
doi: 10.5937/medi0-60213

NINE MOST COMMON MISCONCONCEPTIONS IN THE DIAGNOSIS AND TREATMENT OF GLAUCOMA
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Q…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Marija Bozic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-09-22
publication date: 2025-09-22
doi: 10.5937/medi0-60221

Assessment of Left Main Coronary Artery Luminal Diameter Using Quantitative Coronary Analysis and Optical Coherence Tomography
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-GB</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Q…
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Zlatko Mehmedbegović
creator: Dario Jelic
creator: Djordje Mladenovic
creator: Lazar Travica
creator: Damjan Simic
creator: Djordje Dukic
creator: David Sarenac
creator: Marko Ristic
creator: Nikola Zejak
creator: Dijana Bojovic
creator: Goran Stankovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-01-20
publication date: 2026-01-20
doi: 10.5937/medi0-63081

The effect of the most abundant bioactive compounds of the mediterranean diet on the osteoblast-mediated osteoclast differentiation signaling pathway: in silico analysis
type: item
description: Introduction: Bones are fundamental components of the skeletal system that continuously remodel throughout life. Osteoclasts are responsible for bone resorption, while osteoblasts form new bone matrix and indirectly influence osteoclast differentiation through signaling pathways involving molecules such as M-CSF, c-Fms, GRB2, ERK, PI3K, and Akt. To maintain bone health, increasing attention is being given to nutritional interventions, including the Mediterranean diet, which is rich in bioactive compounds. The aim of this study was to perform an in silico analysis of potential interactions between the most prevalent bioactive compounds of the Mediterranean diet and the key proteins of the osteoclast differentiation signaling pathway. Materials and Methods: A library comprising 115 predominant bioactive compounds from the Mediterranean diet was constructed based on literature data. Protein structures obtained via crystallography were used as targets in molecular docking simulations to predict interactions between ligands and receptors. Results: Most ligands did not show significant interactions with the investigated proteins (ΔG > −7 kcal/mol), except in the case of Akt protein. For this protein, a larger number of ligands demonstrated ΔG values < −7 kcal/mol. The five most potent ligands (salvianolic acid, apigenin, diosmin, mangiferin and sylbin) bound to amino acid sequences forming the active site of the receptor, indicating a potential inhibitory effect. Conclusion: The in silico analysis suggests that bioactive components of the Mediterranean diet possess potential to inhibit Akt protein (protein kinase B), thereby opening new perspectives for their application in modulating osteoclast activity and developing novel strategies for maintaining bone health.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
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subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Nemanja Markovic
creator: Svetozar Mijuskovic
creator: Mirjana Jovanovic
creator: Nikola Mitovic
creator: Aleksandra Nenadovic
creator: Andrija Vukovic
creator: Sanjin Kovacevic
creator: Marija Kosic
creator: Jovan Juloski
creator: Marija S. Stankovic
creator: Jelena Nesovic Ostojic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-08-22
publication date: 2025-08-22
doi: 10.5937/medi0-60144

THE ROLE AND SIGNIFICANCE OF CARDIAC MAGNETIC RESONANCE IN HYPERTROPHIC CARDIOMIOPATHY
type: item
description: Introduction: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disorder of cardiomyocytes that leads to myocardial thickening. Aims: The aims of this study were to establish the diagnosis of HCM in patients with hypertrophic left ventricle walls, to evaluate myocardial tissue, and to assess the degree of myocardial fibrosis using cardiac magnetic resonance (CMR). Material and Methods: The study included 51 patients diagnosed with HCM by CMR (27 males, 24 females) and was carried out in the University Clinical Centre of Serbia, Center of Radiology. All collected patient data was obtained from official medical documentation for this retrospective observational study. CMR confirmed HCM in 51 pts based on a standard imaging protocol performed on a 1.5T Siemens scanner, with the contrast agent Gadolinium. Regarding Late Gadolinium Enhancement (LGE) distribution, CMR enables the detection of focal fibrosis and helps to differentiate the etiology of the hypertrophied myocardium. Results: Left ventricular outflow tract obstruction was observed in 9 (17.6%) patients. Asymmetric HCM was noted in 41 (80.4%) patients. LGE presence was detected in 39 (76.5%) patients, most notably in the septal region (62.7%). The degree of fibrosis was estimated at a median of 6% of the left ventricular mass and a median of 11 grams of fibrosis per gram of left ventricular mass. Conclusion: CMR as a non-invasive method represents the gold standard for myocardial tissue characterization. The detection of myocardial fibrosis, a major trigger for the development of malignant arrhythmias, positions CMR as a risk stratification method in HCM patients.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Olga Nedeljkovic Arsenovic
creator: Teodora Bjelica
creator: Milorad Tesic
creator: Ivana Nedeljkovic
creator: Ana Tomic
creator: Ana Mladenovic Markovic
creator: Ruzica Maksimovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-12-24
publication date: 2025-12-24
doi: 10.5937/medi0-61492

The role of the optical coherence tomography angiography in diseases of the posterior segment of the eye
type: item
description: Optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) is a noninvasive, quantitative tool for imaging the retina and choroid, capable of visualizing the microvasculature in three dimensions. It is widely used for diagnosing and monitoring treatment response for various diseases of anterior and posterior segment of the eye. A systematic search of the relevant literature was conducted emphasizing a period of the most intensive development and clinical application of OCT angiography. This paper aims to summarize current knowledge regarding the applications of OCTA in the diagnosis and monitoring of posterior segment retinal pathologies, and to discuss its advantages over traditional imaging techniques.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Jelena Vasilijevic
creator: Jelica Pantelic
creator: Tanja Kalezic
creator: Nada Avram
creator: Bojana Dacic Krnjaja
creator: Andjela Popovic
creator: Dolika Vasovic
creator: Igor Kovacevic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-15
publication date: 2026-06-15
doi: 10.5937/medi0-67120

PREOPERATIVE HEALTH-RELATED QUALITY OF LIFE IN PATIENTS UNDERGOING ELECTIVE SURGERY FOR COLORECTAL CANCER
type: item
description: Introduction/Aim: Health-related quality of life (HRQoL) is an important multidimensional, patient-centered concept in colorectal cancer (CRC). However, data on preoperative HRQoL in Southeast European surgical populations remain limited. The aim of this study was to describe preoperative HRQoL in patients undergoing elective surgery for CRC, compare HRQoL between colon and rectal cancer, and identify sociodemographic and clinical factors associated with preoperative HRQoL. Material and Methods: Preoperative HRQoL was assessed using the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy–Colorectal (FACT-C) and the Cleveland Clinic Colorectal Cancer Quality of Life questionnaire (CCF-CaQL). Sociodemographic and clinical data were collected using a structured questionnaire and medical records. Group comparisons were performed according to tumor localization, while factors associated with FACT-C total score were evaluated using univariable and multivariable linear regression. Results: The mean CCF-CaQL total score was 92.3±20.4, and the mean FACT-C total score was 98.8±18.2. No significant differences in HRQoL were observed between patients with colon and rectal cancer across any questionnaire domains (all p>0.05). In multivariable analysis, higher ASA physical status was independently associated with lower FACT-C total score (B=-5.05; 95% CI -9.70 to -0.40; p=0.033). Conclusion: Preoperative HRQoL in patients undergoing elective CRC surgery was moderate and did not differ significantly by tumor localization. Higher ASA physical status was independently associated with poorer preoperative HRQoL.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Vladimir Nikolic
creator: Stefan Kmezic
creator: Andrija Antic
creator: Djordje Knezevic
creator: Ljiljana Markovic-Denic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
doi: 10.5937/medi0-67483

In silico investigation of the effects of gentamicin on lysosmal lipid degradation and the transport system between lysosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum
type: item
description: Introduction: Gentamicin, an aminoglycoside antibiotic has limited clinical use due to accompanying side effects: nephrotoxicity and ototoxicity. The damage caused by gentamicin accumulates over time and leads to cell death. Cells of renal proximal tubules are most affected, as are hair cells of the inner. One of the presumed mechanisms of toxicity is phospholipidosis, a disorder characterized by accumulation of phospholipids in the cell. The Aim: The aim of this study is to investigate, in silico, the mechanism of gentamicin action in the development of phospholipidosis through interactions with key proteins responsible for lipid transport between the smooth endoplasmic reticulum and late endosomes, as well as enzymes involved in lipid degradation. Material and Methods: We defined target proteins in the KEGG database and their expression profiles and tissue specificities were examined through the Human Atlas database. Nine proteins met the final criteria and were further examined by molecular docking using AutoDock Vina program. Results: Most of the examined proteins showed high expression in the kidney and corresponding structures of the central nervous system. Docking analysis indicated that the interaction between gentamicin and ORP1L protein exhibited the lowest Gibbs free energy value of - 8.1kCal/mol, while the STARD3 protein had the highest Gibbs free energy value of -5.2kCal/mol. Amino acid sequences to which gentamicin binds on the selected proteins were similar within the same protein families. Conclusion: Observed under in silico conditions, gentamicin interacts with proteins that participate in lysosomal lipid degradation and transport between lysosomes and smooth endoplasmic reticulum.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Nikola Mitovic
creator: Svetolik Spasic
creator: Nikola Jovanovic
creator: Marija Stanojevic
creator: Jovana Paunovic Pantic
creator: Sanjin Kovacevic
creator: Drasko Gostiljac
creator: Vladimir Jovicic
creator: Jelena Jevtovic
creator: Jelena Nesovic Ostojic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-12
publication date: 2026-06-12
doi: 10.5937/medi0-66721

Telehealth for Adolescent Mental Health: A Narrative Review of effectiveness, acceptability, and ethical–legal considerations
type: item
description: Adolescents experience a high burden of mental health problems but face substantial barriers to care. Telehealth—encompassing synchronous teletherapy, telephone contacts, and digital mental health interventions (apps, internet CBT)—has expanded rapidly, especially since the COVID-19 pandemic. The primary purpose of this narrative review was to synthesize current evidence on the effectiveness, acceptability/engagement, clinical safety, and ethical-legal aspects of telehealth interventions in adolescent mental health, with attention to regional regulatory gaps. The reviewed data suggests that telehealth modalities (video, telephone, and digital interventions) can deliver clinically meaningful improvements for common adolescent conditions (depression, anxiety) and, in many settings, achieve outcomes comparable to those of treatment-as-usual. Acceptability among adolescents is generally high but variable and depends on privacy, platform usability, and perceived therapeutic relationship. Remote care raises distinct safety challenges (managing suicidality and crisis response), and the ethical-legal landscape remains underdeveloped in many regions: data protection, consent/assent rules for minors, professional licensure across jurisdictions, and reimbursement policies are recurrent concerns. The supplied reports emphasize important local/regional gaps—limited regulation, infrastructure barriers, and the need for formal protocols and clinician training. In conclusion, telehealth is a viable modality for adolescent mental health care when implemented with clear clinical protocols, robust data‑security safeguards, and attention to consent and crisis pathways. Policy action is required to standardize legal and ethical frameworks, ensure equitable access, and integrate telehealth within routine adolescent mental health services. Keywords: telehealth, adolescents, mental health
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Ana Munjiza Jovanovic
creator: Milica Pejovic-Milovancevic
creator: Marija Mitkovic-Voncina
creator: Danilo Pesic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-06-11
publication date: 2026-06-11
doi: 10.5937/medi0-66607

Changes in the hemostatic system in severely ill COVID-19 patients
type: item
description: Introduction/research objective: COVID-19 coagulopathy is a disorder of the hemostatic system that occurs in critically ill patients infected with the SARS-CoV 2 virus and increases the risk of mortality. The goal of the research is to evaluate changes in hemostatic parameters and determine their prognostic significance in patients with a severe form of the COVID-19 disease. Methods: The study was designed as a retrospective cohort study, which included 146 patients treated from June to September 2020 in the Intensive Care Unit (ICU) of the Clinical Hospital Center ”Bežanijska Kosa” in Belgrade, diagnosed with COVID-19 pneumonia. Inclusion criteria were age over 18 years, proven current SARS-CoV2 infection and admission to ICU. Results: 82 patients (56.2%) died during the treatment, while 64 (43.8%) were discharged. Significantly higher D-dimer values ​​on admission to the ICU were recorded in subjects who died during treatment 888 (1226.5)ng/ml compared to persons who were discharged from treatment 666 (1207.3)ng/ml (p = 0.03). Differences were not demonstrated for INR, aPTT and fibrinogen. D-dimer values ​​on admission to the ICU greater than or equal to 760ng/ml are a statistically significant predictor of death during hospitalization (p = 0.04). Conclusion: COVID coagulopathy is a complication that increases the mortality of people infected with the SARS-CoV2 virus. The main feature is a state of hypercoagulability, which is detected by elevated D-dimer values. D-dimer greater than or equal to 760 ng/ml on admission to the ICU may have prognostic significance for survival during hospitalization.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Marija Milenković
creator: Mirjana Kovač
creator: Ivan Rović
creator: Đuro Šijan
creator: Bogdan Crnokrak
creator: Marija Zdravković
rights: Copyright (c) 2024 Medical Investigations
date: 2024-08-26
publication date: 2024-08-26
doi: 10.5937/medi57-51924

THE IMPACT OF PHYSICAL ACTIVITY ON INTRAOCULAR PRESSURE: A REVIEW OF THE LITERATURE
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>SR-LATN-RS</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser/> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="371"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 5"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true"…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Ivan Marjanovic
creator: Dolika Vasovic
creator: Vesna Maric
creator: Andrijana Raskovic
creator: Marija Marjanovic
creator: Milorad Milivojevic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-05-22
publication date: 2026-05-22
doi: 10.5937/medi0-66835

Evolution of the SYNTAX score (I, II and II 2020): development, application and limitations in everyday clinical practice
type: item
description: Surgical myocardial revascularization is the gold standard for myocardial revascularization in chronic coronary syndrome (CCS). The first randomized trials comparing bare metal stent (BMS) implantation and aorto-coronary bypass graft surgery (CABG) resulted in similar mortality and myocardial infarction rate, and lower rate of repeat revascularization after CABG compared to BMS implantation, directed the development of drug eluting stents (DES) with the lower rate of clinical restenoses. Over the years, there was a need for objective assessment and calculation of risk and benefit of both surgical and percutaneous myocardial revascularization, and giving an advantage to one of these two methods, or equipoise for a specific patient. SYNTAX score I was used for the quantitative assessment of coronary stenoses complexity in a patient with CCS. However, two major flaws of the SYNTAX score I, (1) absence of the assessment of functional significance of coronary stenosis, and (2) absence of clinical variables that may influence perioperative mortality rate, were partially overcome with development of SYNTAX score II including clinical variables that showed the greatest association with mortality (age, creatinine clearance, left ventricular ejection fraction, unprotected left main coronary artery disease, female gender, peripheral vascular disease and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease) and SYNTAX score II 2020 predicting 10-year mortality rate. The SYNTAX score II and II 2020 potentially can change the recommendation for myocardial revascularization based on SYNTAX score I alone. This review focuses on development of these scores, their accuracy, predicitve value and limitations in practical applications in an individual patient with CCS.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Dejan Orlic
creator: Vladimir Zobenica
creator: Milorad Tesic
creator: Stefan Juricic
creator: Milorad Zivkovic
creator: Marko Ristic
creator: Branko Beleslin
creator: Srdjan Aleksandric
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-05-15
publication date: 2026-05-15
doi: 10.5937/medi0-65855

Unilateral genu recurvatum: A case report
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="1" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" Q…
subject: Case Report
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Vladan
creator: Bojana Aleksic
creator: Veljko Velickovic
creator: Filip Cucakovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-03-25
publication date: 2026-03-25
doi: 10.5937/medi0-57537

Ovarian Hyperstimulation Syndrome: Contemporary Approach to Pathophysiology, Risk Stratification, Prevention and Management
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> </w:Compatibility> <w:DoNotOptimizeForBrowser/> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Lidija Tulic
creator: Katarina
creator: Jelena Stojnic
creator: Jelena Micic
creator: Jovan Bila
creator: Stefan Ivanovic
creator: Jelena Dotlic
creator: Igor Pilic
creator: Dragisa Sljivancanin
creator: Ivan Tulic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-05-11
publication date: 2026-05-11
doi: 10.5937/medi0-65501

IMAGING OF VASCULAR ANOMALIES OF THE AORTA AND VESSELS OF THE HEAD AND NECK- REVIEW ARTICLE
type: item
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subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Jelena Kostic
creator: Vladimir Cvetic
creator: Ana Mladenovic- Markovic
creator: Ivan Vukasinovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-05-07
publication date: 2026-05-07
doi: 10.5937/medi0-65018

PERIOPERATIVE ACUTE KIDNEY INJURY AFTER MAJOR NON-CARDIAC SURGERY: RISK FACTORS, CLINICAL OUTCOMES, AND PREDICTIVE PERFORMANCE OF PERIOPERATIVE SCORING SYSTEMS
type: item
description: Background: Perioperative acute kidney injury (AKI) is a serious complication after major non-cardiac surgery, associated with increased mortality, prolonged ICU stay, and the need for renal replacement therapy (RRT). Objective: To assess the impact of AKI severity and associated risk factors on clinical outcomes after major abdominal surgery and to evaluate the prognostic performance of SPARK, APACHE II, and SOFA scores, including sepsis-associated AKI. Materials and Methods: This prospective cohort study was conducted in the Surgical ICU of University Hospital Center Bežanijska Kosa (Belgrade) from January to June 2024. Thirty adult patients who developed perioperative AKI after major abdominal surgery were analyzed. AKI was defined according to KDIGO criteria and sepsis according to Sepsis-3. Disease severity was assessed using APACHE II and SOFA, and preoperative AKI risk using the SPARK index. Results: AKI occurred in 30 operated patients. KDIGO stages were: stage 1 in 26.7%, stage 2 in 30.0%, and stage 3 in 43.3%. In-hospital mortality was 30.0% and occurred exclusively in patients older than 60 years. Mortality was significantly higher in KDIGO stage 3 (61.5% vs. 5.9%, p=0.0016). KDIGO stage 3 and age >60 years were strongly associated with death. SPARK showed good discrimination for severe AKI (AUC≈0.78), while APACHE II demonstrated excellent performance for severe AKI and mortality (AUC≈0.97). RRT use was more frequent in advanced AKI stages. Conclusions: Perioperative AKI was infrequent but severe, with high mortality driven by KDIGO stage 3 and advanced age. SPARK and particularly APACHE II were useful for risk stratification.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Ana Sekulic
creator: Olivera Marinkovic
creator: Danilo Milic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-04-23
publication date: 2026-04-23
doi: 10.5937/medi0-64977

Sphenoid sinus pneumatization · Vidian canal · Anterior clinoid process · Pterygoid process · Multidetector computed tomography.
type: item
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subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Igor Djoric
creator: Djurdjina Kablar
creator: Ivan Milic
creator: Marina Milic
creator: Lazar Stankovic
creator: Zoran Radojicic
creator: Ana Starcevic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-04-15
publication date: 2026-04-15
doi: 10.5937/medi0-64914

PREDICTORS OF CARDIAC ARREST IN CHILDREN
type: item
description: The incidence of cardiac arrest (CA) in pediatric patients is lower than in the adult population. The unique anatomical and physiological characteristics of children contribute to differences in the etiology of CA and the outcomes of resuscitation. Key factors for surviving a life-threatening event include the rapid recognition of CA and the prompt initiation of effective resuscitation. Therefore, identifying predictors of CA is crucial, as they indicate the potential for such an event and help differentiate affected patients from others. It is possible to prevent the occurrence of CA by appropriate treatment in these situations. Moreover, there are significant differences in the approach, implementation of resuscitation procedures, treatment, outcomes, and education regarding CA events that occur in children, whether they take place in-hospital or out-of-hospital.
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Vesna Stevanovic
creator: Marin Bobos
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-04-06
publication date: 2026-04-06
doi: 10.5937/medi0-63532

RETINAL VASCULAR CHANGES IN PATIENTS WITH CHRONIC OBSTRUCTIVE PULMONARY DISEASE
type: item
description: INTRODUCTION/AIM Chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD) is a progressive and inflammatory disease of the airways that often leads to cardiovascular and microvascular changes. This study aimed to analyze retinal microcirculation in patients with COPD using optical coherence tomography angiography (OCTA) MATERIALS AND METHODS Cross-sectional study. A total of 44 subjects were analyzed, including 28 with COPD and 16 healthy controls. Inclusion criteria were subjects older than 18 years with a confirmed COPD diagnosis based on spirometric parameters RESULTS The statistically significant differences were observed between the groups for the following parameters: deep capillary plexus macular (p = 0.009), parafoveal (p = 0.026), and perifoveal region (p = 0.034). A significant negative correlation was observed between the ratio of residual volume to total lung capacity (RV/TLC) and the vessel density in the macular and perifoveal superficial capillary plexus regions (p<0.05). The choriocapillaris Flow also demonstrates a significant inverse relationship with the RV/TLC ratio. Regarding the deeper retinal layers, our analysis revealed a significant negative correlation between outer retina Flow and forced vital capacity (FVC). CONCLUSION Monitoring changes in the OCTA parameters, particularly in relation to lung volume parameters like RV/TLC and FVC, we conclude that OCTA may provide valuable insights into systemic vascular progression and overall severity of the disease in COPD patients
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Jelena Vasilijevic
creator: Marija Laban Lazovic
creator: Jelica Pantelic
creator: Tanja Kalezic
creator: Kosana Sofronijevic
creator: Andjela Popovic
creator: Marko Svetel
creator: Snezana Polovina
creator: Igor Kovacevic
rights: Copyright (c) 2026 Medical Research
date: 2026-04-06
publication date: 2026-04-06
doi: 10.5937/medi0-65122

EPIDEMIOLOGY OF ISCHEMIC HEART DISEASE
type: item
description: <!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <o:OfficeDocumentSettings> <o:RelyOnVML/> <o:AllowPNG/> </o:OfficeDocumentSettings> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:WordDocument> <w:View>Normal</w:View> <w:Zoom>0</w:Zoom> <w:TrackMoves/> <w:TrackFormatting/> <w:PunctuationKerning/> <w:ValidateAgainstSchemas/> <w:SaveIfXMLInvalid>false</w:SaveIfXMLInvalid> <w:IgnoreMixedContent>false</w:IgnoreMixedContent> <w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText>false</w:AlwaysShowPlaceholderText> <w:DoNotPromoteQF/> <w:LidThemeOther>EN-US</w:LidThemeOther> <w:LidThemeAsian>X-NONE</w:LidThemeAsian> <w:LidThemeComplexScript>X-NONE</w:LidThemeComplexScript> <w:Compatibility> <w:BreakWrappedTables/> <w:SnapToGridInCell/> <w:WrapTextWithPunct/> <w:UseAsianBreakRules/> <w:DontGrowAutofit/> <w:SplitPgBreakAndParaMark/> <w:EnableOpenTypeKerning/> <w:DontFlipMirrorIndents/> <w:OverrideTableStyleHps/> <w:UseFELayout/> </w:Compatibility> <m:mathPr> <m:mathFont m:val="Cambria Math"/> <m:brkBin m:val="before"/> <m:brkBinSub m:val="--"/> <m:smallFrac m:val="off"/> <m:dispDef/> <m:lMargin m:val="0"/> <m:rMargin m:val="0"/> <m:defJc m:val="centerGroup"/> <m:wrapIndent m:val="1440"/> <m:intLim m:val="subSup"/> <m:naryLim m:val="undOvr"/> </m:mathPr></w:WordDocument> </xml><![endif]--><!-- [if gte mso 9]><xml> <w:LatentStyles DefLockedState="false" DefUnhideWhenUsed="false" DefSemiHidden="false" DefQFormat="false" DefPriority="99" LatentStyleCount="376"> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="0" QFormat="true" Name="Normal"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" QFormat="true" Name="heading 1"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 2"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 3"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" UnhideWhenUsed="true" QFormat="true" Name="heading 4"/> <w:LsdException Locked="false" Priority="9" SemiHidden="true" Unhide…
subject: Review Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Isidora Vujcic
creator: Jadranka Maksimovic
creator: Sandra Sipetic Grujicic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-09-01
publication date: 2025-09-01
doi: 10.5937/medi0-58650

EFFECTS OF NMDA RECEPTOR ANTAGONISTS ON ACUTE POSTOPERATIVE PAIN
type: item
description: Introduction/Aim of the paper: Pain represents a multifactorial process with detrimental effects on the entire organism. This randomized, open-label pilot study investigated the effect of preemptive administration of ketamine and magnesium-sulfate on the intensity of postoperative pain after laparoscopic colon tumor resection. Methods: Sixty patients were randomized into the ketamine-magnesium (KM) and the control (C) groups. After the introduction to anesthesia, patients in the KM group received an i.v. bolus dose of 0.5 mg/kg ketamine, followed by a continuous infusion of 0.6 mg/kg/h lasting until the end of surgery. After a bolus dose of ketamine, they received magnesium-sulfate 20 mg/kg in an intravenous infusion (5-10 minutes). Group C received only 0.9% NaCl infusion. After the patients were awakened (0h), the pain intensity was compared (0- 46h) between the two groups. Results: The Mann-Whitney test implied significantly (p<0.05) lower visual analog scale (VAS) scores, in KM group at 0, 1, 2, 10, 22 and 30 hours after the surgery, and no statistical significance (p>0.05) for VAS scores after 6, 14, 18, 38 and 46 hours, compared to C group. Ketamine and magnesium-sulfate significantly (p<0.05) reduced the postoperative consumption of analgesics, increased the sedation level at 0h postoperatively, and increased the overall patient satisfaction with the treatment. Conclusion: Preemptive administration of ketamine and magnesium-sulfate combination has beneficial effect on postoperative pain after laparoscopic colon tumor resection.
subject: Original Article
  topic: section
subject: Array
  topic: keywords
creator: Maja Z Stojanovic
creator: Predrag Stevanovic
creator: Sonja Vuckovic
creator: Katarina Savic Vujovic
rights: Copyright (c) 2025 Medical Research
date: 2025-08-25
publication date: 2025-08-25
doi: 10.5937/medi0-58810